3er grado GUIA PARA EXAMEN DE RECUPERACION

3er grado GUIA PARA EXAMEN DE RECUPERACION

I ) Wh Question words

Question words are also called wh questions because they include the letters 'W' and 'H'.

Question words	Meaning	Examples
who	person	Who's that? That's Nancy.
where	place	Where do you live? In Boston
why	reason	Why do you sleep early? Because I've got to get up early
when	time	When do you go to work? At 7:00
how	manner	How do you go? By car
what	object, idea or action	What do you do? I am an engineer
which	choice	Which one do you prefer? The red one.
whose	possession	Whose is this book? It's Alan's.
whom	object of the verb	Whom did you meet? I met the manager.
what kind	description	What kind of music do you like? I like quiet songs
what time	time	What time did you come home?
how many	quantity (countable)	How many students are there? There are twenty.
how much	amount, price (uncountable)	How much time have we got? Ten minutes
how long	duration, length	How long did you stay in that hotel? For two weeks.
how often	frequency	How often do you go to the gym? Twice a week.
how far	distance	How far is your school? It's one mile far.
how old	age	How old are you? I'm 16.
how come	reason	How come I didn't see you at the party?

Asking questions

1.If you ask about the subject of the sentence, simply add the question word at the beginning:
Example:
James writes good poems. — Who writes good poems?
2.If you ask about the predicate of the sentence (the part of a sentence which contains the verb and gives information about the subject), there are three options:

• If there is a helping (auxiliary) verb that precedes the main verb ( for example: can, is, are, was, were, will, would...), add the question word and invert the subject and the helping (auxiliary) verb.
  Examples:
  He can speak Chinese. — What can he speak?
  They are leaving tonight. — When are they leaving?
• If you ask about the predicate and there is no helping (auxiliary) verb and the verb is "to be", simply add the question word and invert the subject and the verb.
  Example:
  The play was interesting. — How was the play?
• If there is no helping (auxiliary) verb in the the predicate and the main verb is not "to be", add the auxiliary "do" in the appropriate form.
  Examples:
  They go to the movies every Saturday. — Where do they go every Saturday? 
  He wakes up early. — When does he wake up?
  They sent a letter. — What did they send?

II ) 

Much, many, a lot:

"Much", "many", and "a lot of" indicate a large quantity of something, for example "I have a lot of friends " means I have a large quantity of friends.
Much, many, and a lot are quantifiers.

Study the examples below:

How much money have you got?	I haven't got much money.
	I have got a lot.
	I have got a lot of money.
How many students are in the classroom?	There aren't many.
	There are a lot.
	There are a lot of/lots of students.

In the interrogative forms we use:

• much with uncountable nouns. (money, bread, water...)
  Example:
  How much money/bread/water...is there?
• many with countable nouns. (students, desks, windows...)
  Example:
  How many students/teachers/desks... are there?      

In the negative forms we use:

• much with uncountable nouns. (money, bread, water...)
  Example:
  I haven't got much money/bread/water...
• many with countable nouns. (students, desks, windows...)
  Example:
  There aren't many students/teachers/desks...

In the affirmative forms:

Summary:

Interrogative	Negative	Affirmative
How many books are there?	There aren't many.	There are a lot.
		There are a lot of books.
		There are lots of books.
		There are many books (formal)
How much money have you got?	I haven't got much.	I've got a lot.
		I've got a lot of money.
		I've got lots of money.
		I have got much money (formal)

III ) 

The simple present tense

This page will present the simple present tense:

• its form
• and its use.

Before you continue the lesson read the following passage and try to see how the verbs are formed and used.

James is a taxi driver. He drives a taxi. But on Sundays he doesn't drive his taxi. He stays at home. The verb be, drive, stay are in the simple present. (more on the simple present of the verb to be)

The forms of the simple present

The affirmative form of the simple present:

I, you, we, they	play.
He, she, it	plays.

Remember the verbs in the third person singular (he,she and it) always take an "s". For example, "he plays, she sings,itworks..."
Examples:

• Nancy and James speak good German.
• Nancy works in a restaurant downtown.
• The children play in the garden every weekend.

The interrogative form of the simple present:

Do	I, you, we, they	play?
Does	he, she, it

Examples:

• Do you speak good German?
• Does Nancy work in a restaurant downtown?

The negative form of the simple present:

I, you, we,they	do not	play.
	don't
He, she, it	does not
	doesn't

Examples:

• No, I don't speak German.
• No, she doesn't work in a restaurant downtown

The use of the simple present:

The simple present is used:

• to give your opinion - I like ice cream. I don't like spicy food.
• to talk about schedules - The library opens at eight. It doesn't open at 7.
• to talk about daily habits (routine actions)- Sara eats a cheese for breakfast every day. She doesn't eat cereal.
• to give facts - The earth circles the sun. The moon doesn't circle the sun.

The spelling of the third person singular form of the simple present:

All the verbs take an "s" in the simple present when conjugated in the third person singular (he, she, it) form:

Examples:

• I visit my parents every summer holiday. But my wife visits her parents every weekend.
• My brother meets his girlfriend everyday.

So the rule is:

He / she / it + Verb + S

There are however some special cases. Here are the spelling rules:

Silent e	Vowel + y	Consonant + y	Verbs ending in o	Verbs ending in s, z, sh, tch, ch
close = closes  note = notes	play = plays say = says	study = studies  marry = marries	go = goes  do = does	miss = misses buzz = buzzes hatch = hatches  finish = finishes teach = teaches

Examples:

• She drives to work every morning.
• He says he plays football on the weekends

Exception:

• The verb to have changes its forms as follows:
  I have two sisters and two brothers. But she has one sister and two brothers.
  I have = he / she / it has

Things to remember about the simple present:

1.In the interrogative forms, we use "do" or "does".

• "Do you like the house?"
• "Does she go to school?"

2; Verbs never take an "s" in the the negative and interrogative forms.

• "Does he speak German?"
• "Do they play soccer?"
• She doesn't like ice cream.

3. don't is the short form of "do not". You can say either:

• I do not speak Italian, or
• I don't speak Italian.

4.doesn't is the short form of "does not". you can say either:

• He does not listen to jazz music, or
• He doesn't listen to jazz music.

IV ) 

Too and Enough

Too and enough indicate degree. They modify adjectives, adverbs, and nouns.

• Too means more than what is needed.
• Enough means sufficient.

Examples

He is too old to play football with the kids.
Dave is intelligent enough to do the write thing.
You're not working fast enough 
I don't have enough time. 
He has too many friends.
She has got too much patience

Use of too and enough

1.Enough comes after adjectives and adverbs:
ADJECTIVE + ENOUGH   or   ADVERB + ENOUGH
Examples:

He isn't old enough to watch this program. 
We're not walking quickly enough.

2.Enough may also precede nouns:
ENOUGH + NOUN
Examples:

We have enough money . 
I have not got enough money to buy this computer.

3.Too comes before adjectives and adverbs:
TOO + ADJECTIVES   or   TOO + ADVERBS
Examples:

It's too hot to wear that coat. 
I was driving too fast.

4. Too may also come before nouns when it is used with the expressions too much and too many.

a. Too much is used before uncountable nouns.
TOO MUCH + UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
Example:

There is too much salt in this food.

b. Too many is used before countable nouns
TOO MANY + COUNTABLE NOUNS
Example:

There are too many students in this classroom.

V ) 

What are object pronouns?

An object pronoun, also called objective pronoun, functions as the object of a verb or preposition, as distinguished from a subject or subjective pronoun, which is the subject of a verb.

Examples:

·         He begged her to live with him. (her is the object of the verb begged and him is the object of the preposition with)

·         She told them the truth. (them is the object of the verb told)

Object pronouns are used instead of object nouns, usually because we already know what the object is.

·         She's my friend. I really enjoy being with her.

·         I like this film. I saw it last week.

Object Pronouns

Object pronouns in English are the following:

me, you, him, her, it, us, them

Object pronouns come after either a verb (e.g "like") or a preposition (e.g "to").

Examples:

·         I like you but you don't like me.

·         Do you really hate her?

·         She loves sitting next to him.

·         She always writes e-mails to us.

·         He's talking to her about it.

Object pronouns differ from:

·         Subject pronouns,

·         possessive adjectives,

·         possessive pronouns,

·         and reflexive pronouns.

Review:

Subject pronouns	Possessive adjectives	Possessive pronouns	Reflexive pronouns	Object pronouns
I	my	mine	myself	me
you	your	yours	yourself	you
he	his	his	himself	him
she	her	hers	herself	her
it	its	its	itself	it
we	our	ours	ourselves	us
you	your	yours	yourselves	you
they	their	theirs	themselves	them

 

Section VI. Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past Progressive).

1. When I (get)  up yesterday, the sun (shine) .
2. It (is)  a beautiful morning.
3. So I (decide)  to cycle around a little.
4. I (go)  to the shed and (take)  out my bike.
5. While I (cycle)  past some villages, I (see) some people in their gardens.
6. One man (mow)  the grass while his wife (pick)  strawberries.
7. After one hour of cycling in sunshine, a big fat raincloud suddenly(appear)  and it (start)  to rain.
8. Luckily, a farmer (notice)  me and (tell)  me to come in.
9. While it (rain)  outside, I (sit)  in the farmer's house.
10. After a while, the sun (come)  out again.
11. I (thank)  the farmer for his hospitality and (move) 

Section VII. Write questions with the past simple.

 1 When / you / buy / that tablet / ?                        ____________________________________

 2 How much / your new computer / cost / ?         ____________________________________

 3 What / you / do / after school yesterday / ?       ____________________________________

 4 Why / you / not / call me last night / ?              ____________________________________

 5 Where / Dad / save / the photos / on the computer / ?_______________________________

 6 Which files / you / delete / ?                             ____________________________________

 7 How many copies / Gary / print / yesterday / ? ____________________________________

 8 Which company / Steve Jobs / help to start / ? ____________________________________

  

Section VIII .Look at the verbs below. Add –er to make these verbs into nouns for people.

              Verbs                                                                       Nouns for people

             1. play                                                                       player

 2. tackle                                                        _______________     

3. lose                                                            _______________

4. play                                                            _______________

5. win*                                                            _______________

 6. throw                                                         _______________

7. score                                                          _______________

8. kick                                                            _______________

9. run*                                                            _______________

           10. race                                                          _______________

 11. swim*                                                      _______________

12. golf                                                           _______________

 13. skate                                                       _______________

 14. ride                                                          _______________                            

* Double the final consonant.

Section IX  Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple).

1. I (not / work)  today.
2. We (buy)  a new lamp.
3. We (not / plan)  our holiday yet.
4. Where (be / you) ?
5. He (write)  five letters.
6. She (not / see)  him for a long time.
7. (be / you)  at school?
8. School (not / start)  yet.
9. (speak / he)  to his boss?
10. No, he (have / not)  the time yet.

Section X. Complete the sentences. 

Use the present perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

1. (the coach / arrive) yet?
2. Martin(not bought) the train tickets.
3. I(not make) dinner yet.
4. (you / hear) this song before?
5. We (not see) this film. Is it good?
6. Max and Jill(not decide) where to go for their holiday.
7. (your sister / find) a new job yet?
8. (they / send) a text to Jerry?

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